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This distinguished marble monument contains portrait
busts of Petronia Hedone and her son in a niche, below which is a simple dedication written in
well-formed Roman capital letters. While she is depicted as an elegant Roman matrona
(note her hairdo described as similar to
Marciana's, the sister of Trajan),
her name suggests that she is a freedwoman of the Petronius family (see
names). It is possible that her son, who wears
toga-like clothing but not the bulla of the freeborn young male, is also a former slave named Philemon, freed
by Lucius Petronius and perhaps his son born in slavery (for another opinion see Kleiner's article on mothers and sons in I,
Claudia II, Companion Bibliography). Judging from the quality and
decoration of the stone which she ordered, Hedone was wealthy. In addition, she
made provision in her family tomb for the freedpersons that she herself
manumitted, as well as their families. There is no mention of a husband (he may
have pre-deceased her) or of a patronus (from the mid 1st century CE freedperson status was increasingly omitted from inscriptions), nor any indication of the source of her money from which she gave herself and her household so grand a funerary
monument. |