Notes to Inscription for Maria Auxesis

Di Manes, m. pl.
the spirits of the dead, the divine spirits. This phrase in the dative case is regularly found at the head of funerary inscriptions from the end of the 1st century BCE through the 2nd century CE.

Auxesis, -is f.
growth, increase; a Greek noun of rare occurrence and an unusual cognomen.

Agathopus, i m.: a Greek cognomen found commonly in the eastern Mediterranean and in Italy during the Empire and later (e.g., graffito in Ostia, where the name is written in Greek; two graffiti in Pompeii advertise Agathopus' shop for its high quality garum or liquamen, a fish sauce favored by the Romans); his praenomen, Gaius, and his nomen mark him as a freedman of the gens Domitia.

heres, heredis m./f.
heir; since slaves could neither bequeathe nor receive a bequest, both are clearly free. Livy (AUC 39.9) tells of the prostitute Hispala Faecenia's legal provision in 187 BCE to make her aristocratic young lover Aebutius her heir.

amica, -ae f.
a female friend (rarely); a concubine, mistress, courtesan. It is in this latter sense that the elegiac love poets used the word. To these possible meanings B.Rawson adds "de facto spouse" ("Roman Concubinage and Other de facto Marriages" TAPA 1974.283).

Bene Merens, -entis
deserving well; well-deserving. In later Latin, especially in the catacombs, this conventional phrase may be found as a single word and in the perfect tense, e.g., benemerita.

[hoc monumentum]: often found together with fecit and a reference to the deceased in the dative (here, amicae), this formulaic phrase of dedication is often abbreviated as H M or omitted entirely from tombstone inscriptions.


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