vero adverb
in fact, really,
truly.
Licinius Bucco: an otherwise unknown
senator.
promptus, -a, um
ready, at hand,
prompt; with ad + accusative= quick to, inclined to, disposed
to.
lis, litis f.
law-suit,
litigation.
contraho, contrahere, contraxi, contractum
engage in, enter upon; the gerundive modifies lites (when the
gerund has a direct object, the passive verbal adjective is used actively in
its place, taking the case, number, and gender of its object).
pro preposition with the ablative
on
behalf of; for; in place of.
apudpreposition with the accusative
in
the presence of, before.
praetor, -oris, m.
praetor, judicial
magistrate. An annually elected Roman magistrate whose office was just
below that of the consuls. He was escorted by six armed lictores and
wore the toga praetexta. The praetor urbanus remained in Rome,
primarily as a judge in the law courts, but he could also convene the
comitia and initiate legislation. During the Republic and early Empire
this magistrate published an edict (Praetor's Edict) at the beginning of his
term of office detailing specifics of his tenure over and above those of prior
praetors (whose edicts could be modified or expanded but not
withdrawn).
verbum, -i, n.
word; expression;
verb; plural. talk, speech; verba facere= talk, speak,
here plead a case.
advocatus, -i, m.
legal adviser,
advocate; professional pleader.
deficio, deficere, defeci, defectum
fail, desert, leave without; passive with the ablative or ab=
lack, be wanting; have shortcomings.
in/mpudentia, -ae, f.
shamelessness,
effrontery; immodesty.
abundo(1)
overflow, abound in, be rich
in.
inusitatus, -a, -um
unusual,
unfamiliar, strange; followed by the dative case (foro).
forum, -i n.
Roman Forum; during
the Republic it was the locus for holding courts of law, usually in a
basilica. During Afrania's lifetime the building of choice
would have been the Basilica Aemilia (built in 2nd century BCE; see
description), as the
Basilica Iulia was not built until 54 BCE.
latratus-us, m.
baying, barking (of
dogs); shouting, bawling (of people); ablative of manner after
exercendo. Note the prejudice against the female voice raised in public.
Certainly it was no more unpleasant than male voices raised in a crowd, but
women were prohibited from political action (inusitatus foro).
adsidue adverb
continually, regularly,
constantly.
tribunal, -nalis, n.
dais,
platform; (metonymy) court of law, judgment. The Roman magistrate's
chair was placed on a tribunal, sometimes portable; from it he pronounced
official judgments (a moveable example is at the icon link
beside the text; a
stationary, inside the
Roman
Curia).
exerceo, -ere, exercui, exercitum
keep busy; harass, worry; engage; practice.
muliebris, -e
typical of/natural to a
woman.
calumnia, -ae, f.
false accusation;
misrepresentation; malicious prosecution.
notus, -a, -um, superlative form
known (here, in the sense of infamous).
exemplum, -i, n.
example
(concrete), specimen.
evado, evadere, evasi, evasum
end up,
turn out, emerge (as), followed by exemplum, as a predicate
nominative.
adeo adverb
to such an extent/so true
is it that(in explanation of a previous statement), followed by ut
and the subjunctive obiciatur in a result clause.
crimen, -inis, n.
indictment, charge,
accusation; pro crimine=by way of reproach.
improbus , -a, -um
unprincipled; wicked,
perverse; unruly.
mos, moris, m.
custom, habit; pl.
character, behavior, morals.
nomen, -inis, n.
name; ad
nomen= by the name.
obicio, obicere, obieci, obiectum
charge with; denounce/criticize for; followed by the dative case
(improbis . . .moribus). The subject of the verb is the unnamed
indefinite person one (here, clearly a woman.)
prorogo (1)
extend, prolong,
continue.
autem conjunction
moreover,
and.
spiritus, us m.
breathing;
(metonymy) life; arrogance.
iterum adverb
for the second
time.
consul, -is m.
consul; the highest
magistrate in the Roman Republic. Two were elected each year to convene the
Senate and assemblies, preside over meetings, initiate and administer
legislation; they also served as generals in military actions and as diplomats
in external affairs. See
consular list.
talis, -e
such; the
following.
monstrum, -i n.
marvel, portent,
monster.
magis comparative adverb of magnus
more, rather; followed by quam.
exstinguo, -ere, -stinxi, -stinctum
kill, destroy, extinguish. Translate with sit in an indirect
question introduced by quo tempore; subject = monstrum.
orior, iri, orta/us
rise, spring;
translate with sit, subjunctive in indirect question.
trado, -ere, -didi, -ditum
relate,
record; hand down; the subject of the verb is monstrum, followed by
the dative memoriae. Tradendum est is in the periphrastic
conjugation (the future passive participle tradendus is joined to the
verb sum to indicate necessity).
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