Notes to Livy, Ab Urbe Condita I.39

regia, -ae f.
palace, court.

visus, -us m.
sight; visu: a supine, ablative of respect with mirabile.

eventus, -us m.
outcome; eventu: ablative of respect.

mirabilis, -e
wonderful, extraordinary.

dormio, -ire, dormivi, -itum
sleep, be asleep.

Servius Tullius:
the 5th king of Rome.

ardeo, -ere, arsi, arsum
be on fire, burn, shine. See Vergil, Aeneid 2.681 ff. for a similar harmless flame which appears over Iulus’ head, giving a sign to Anchises that he must leave doomed Troy.

ferunt
they say, they report; this verb is responsible for the infinitive/accusative constructions which follow in each of the clauses of this lengthy sentence.

conspectus, -us m.
view, sight.

plurimo...clamore...orto:
ablatives of means after excitos

ad + accusative:
in regard to; dependent on orto.

excio, -ire, -ivi -itus
rouse, summon; supply [esse] in indirect statement; the subject is reges.

cum + subjunctive in a temporal construction:
when.

familiaris, -is m.
domestic servant; friend

restinguo, -ere, restinxi, restinctum
extinguish, quench; ad + gerund = purpose construction.

retineo, -ere, retinui, retentum
hold back, restrain; supply [eum] and [esse] in indirect statement.

sedo (1)
calm; ablative absolute with tumultu.

veto, -are, vetui, vetitum
forbid, prohibit; eam: subject of the infinitive in indirect statement.

donec + subjunctive:
until

sua sponte
of its own accord, by itself, unaided.

expergiscor, -gisci, experrectus/a sum
wake up.

abeo, -ire, -ivi, -itum
go away; flammam is the subject of the infinitive in indirect statement.

abduco, -ere, -duxi, -ductum
lead away.

secretum, -i n.
privacy, remote place, secret.

viden = vides-ne.

humilis, -e
lowly, poor, mean.

cultus, -us m.
care, training, cultivation.

educo (1)
bring up, rear.

licet + infinitive impersonal:
one can, one may.

hunc:
understand puerum (Servius), the subject of futurum in an indirect statement after scire.

lumen, -inis n.
light, glory, ornament.

futurum:
supply [esse], indirect statement after scire.

quondam (adv.)
formerly, at one time.

dubius, -a, -um
uncertain, precarious, wavering.

praesidium, -i n.
protection, support.

adfligo, -ere, -flixi, -flictum
impair, crush, throw down; adflictae: the participle is in apposition to regiae.

proinde (adv.)
therefore, consequently, just as.

materia, -ae f.
matter, occasion.

ingens, -entis
huge.

publice (adv.)
for the State.

privatim (adv.)
at home.

indulgentia, -ae f.
indulgence, gentleness.

nutrio, -ire, -ivi, -itum
rear, nourish; supply [eum].

[ferunt]:
the indirect statement indicates that Livy has returned to reporting what he has heard.

liber, -era, -erum
free; genitive plural.

coepio, -ere, coepi, coeptum
begin; the subject is puerum – supply [esse] for indirect statement.

erudio, -ire, erudii, eruditum
educate, instruct.

ars, artis f.
skill, art, profession.

ingenium, -i n.
talent, nature, character.

evenio, -ire, -veni, -ventum
result, turn out, happen

quod + subjunctive:
causal relative clause.

cordi esse
please, be agreeable.

evado, -ere, evasi, evasum
turn out, result, escape.

indoles, -is f.
nature, character, talents; genitive of description.

regius, -a, -um
kingly, royal, princely.

cum + subjunctive in temporal construction:
when.

quaero, -ere, quaesivi, quaesitum
search for, try to get.

gener, -eris m.
son-in-law.

confero, -ferre, -tuli, -latum
compare, oppose, followed by ablative of respect.

despondeo, -ere, -spondi, -sponsum
pledge, betroth, promise.

hic...tantus...honor:
subject of prohibet

illi habitus:
the perfect passive participle modifies honor – “held out to him,” “considered for him.”

prohibeo, -ere, -ui, -itum + infinitive:
prevents (one), forbids (one).

serva natum:
“born of a slave.”

qui:
subject of ferunt below, which introduces a series of indirect statements.

Corniculum, -i n.
a town in Latium of which Servius Tullius Maior was the ruler; in ablative absolute.

Ser. Tulli...uxorem:
subjective genitive, accusative in indirect statement; the wife of Servius Tullius Maior was called Ocrisia.

gravidus, -a, -um
pregnant, full. cum + subjunctive in temporal construction: when.

servitium, -i n.
slavery; in the ablative after prohibitam = “kept from.”

partus, -us m.
birth, young.

edidisse:
infinitive in indirect statement after ferunt; subject is uxorem. Romae: locative case.

inde (adv.)
from that, after that.

tanto beneficio:
ablative of means.

familiaritas, -atis f.
intimacy, friendship.

et...et:
supply [ferunt].

auctam:
supply [esse] in indirect statement; the subject is familiaritas.

caritas, -atis f.
esteem, affection.

quod (conj.)
because.

fecisse ut
brought it about that; indirect statement – the subject is fortunam.

credo, -ere, credidi, creditum
believe, think; the subject is [is].

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